Immunohistochemistry examination to reveal the pathogenesis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Oral mucosal cancer is a type of that develops from the lining oral cavity (mucosa). The main risk factors are smoking and drinking alcohol. pathogenesis involves various interrelated etiologies such as alcohol consumption, human papilloma virus (HPV), patients who have undergone hemopoietic stem cell transplants (stem transplants). Meanwhile, it does not rule out possibility internal genetics. There several types cancer, but squamous carcinoma most common represents more than 90% all head neck cancers. Immunohistochemical examination smear biopsy material which included antibodies in form cytokeratin, CDT1, Ki-67, Geminin, Mcm2, γ-H2A/ histone family member X Aurora-A, BCL-2, VEGF, p53, p63, p,73, Prb, c-erbB2 or HER2/neu, upregulation telomerase (human reverse transcriptase; hTERT), loss heterozygosity (Chromosome loci 3p, 8p, 9p, 4q, 11q, 13q, 17p), High-risk Human papillomavirus 16/18 (HR-HPV16 18), p16, Overexpression EGFR, c-jun, c-fos, surviving (BIRC5), MMP-9, MMP9, TGF-, COX-1, and-2, amplification Cyclins D E. Thus, paving way for appropriate therapy.